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Adenoma
By prostate Doc at 21 August, 2008, 4:02 pm
The most common neoplasm of renal tubular epithelium are papillary adenoma. These lesions are usually discovered during autopsy with a frequency between 7 and 22%. They are located in the renal cortex and are typically <1 cm in size.
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Clinical Features : Prostate cancer
By prostate Doc at 8 September, 2008, 4:28 pm
At presentation, 60% of patients have localized disease and only 15% have dis- tant metastases at presentation since the PSA era. The majority of patients are either asymptomatic or have bladder outlet symptoms, such as urgency and frequency. Patients with metastatic disease most often complain of bone pain which can be in the low back, [...]
Read More >>Classification : Prostate Bladder Cancer
By prostate Doc at 27 August, 2008, 10:25 am
Anatomy
The normal bladder epithelium consists of transitional cell lining, up to seven cell layers thick. Deep to the urothelium is the subepithelial connective tissue (lamina propria or submucosa) which contains irregularly arranged smooth muscle fibers. The muscularis (detrusor muscle) is adjacent to the lamina propria and is surrounded by perivesical fat.
Risk Factors : Prostate Bladder Cancer
By prostate Doc at 27 August, 2008, 10:17 am
Genetics
Numerous factors have been reported to be associated with bladder cancer. Al- though some genetic abnormalities have been associated with bladder cancer (p53, Rb, erbB-2, and loci on chromosome 9), these findings have not been uniform. Certain environmental exposures have been shown to correlate with bladder cancer.
The Reservoir : Prostate cancer
By prostate Doc at 27 August, 2008, 10:08 am
The “ideal reservoir” should be compliant and accommodate a large volume under low pressure, without reflux or absorption of urinary constituents. The con- cept of detubularization and folding of the bowel into a spherical form greatly in- creases the storage capacity with significantly lower internal filling pressures without coordinated peristaltic contractions.
Read More >>Principles of Continent Urinary Diversion : Prostate
By prostate Doc at 27 August, 2008, 9:50 am
In general, patients considered appropriate surgical candidates for radical cystectomy should also be potential candidates for a continent urinary diversion. Relative contraindications relate to the ability of the patient to perform self-catheterization and to care for a neobladder owing to mental or physical impairments. Poor renal and hepatic function should also be considered a contraindication [...]
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